Adam Jones has won caps at Wales U21 level and reached the semi-finals of the IRB U21 World Championship tournament in 2002. He made his senior debut against England in 2003 and has one international try to his name, against Scotland in 2004.

A constant member of Wales's 2005 Grand Slam winning team, Jones was one of the senior members of the Argentina tour in 2006. This followed on from consistent displays for Wales throughout the 2006 RBS Six Nations.

Jones started his domestic career at Neath where he was a try-scorer in the Celtic League Cup Final against Munster in 2003. Jones is now an Ospreys regular, having made 75 appearances for his club at the end of the 2006–2007 season.

After receiving a call-up to Gareth Jenkins's national squad for the 2006 Invesco Perpetual Series Jones played in all four matches, starting against Australia, Canada and New Zealand and coming off the bench in the match against the Pacific Islands. RBS Six Nations performances in 2007 against Scotland, Italy and England were followed by an inclusion in Wales's squad ahead of the two-Test tour of Australia in May the same year.

Jones featured in the first Test loss in Sydney but was to play no part in the second Test after suffering a calf injury in training. In June he was named in Gareth Jenkins's 41-man preliminary Rugby World Cup 2007 summer training squad and made the final cut of 30 in August, and also played in the Invesco Perpetual Summer Series clash with Argentina at the Millennium Stadium.

Jones made two appearances for Wales at the Rugby World Cup, making the starting line-up for the Pool B opener against Canada in Nantes and also playing against Australia at the Millennium Stadium.

January 2008 saw Jones named in Warren Gatland's RBS Six Nations squad. He featured in four matches of the Grand Slam winning campaign, against England, Scotland, Ireland and France.

Jones was among a number of Welsh players who played starring roles in the 2009 British and Irish Lions tour of South Africa before sustaining a dislocated shoulder in the second Test in Pretoria. He committed his long term future to the Ospreys in October 2009 when he signed a deal which will keep him at the Liberty Stadium until 2012.